I used to think philosophy meant sitting in a college auditorium, reading boring old texts in languages no one speaks anymore. When I was 23, however, I discovered Ryan Holiday and his work on Stoicism. I read his book The Obstacle Is the Way, and I realized I couldn’t have been more wrong. Philosophy is not about analyzing the thoughts of people who died long ago. It’s about how to live a good life, right here, right now — and that’s exactly what philosophy books are for.
It’s true that philosophy is an academic field concerned with the true nature of reality, the constituents of knowledge, and matters of existence. It is also, however, any theory that provides us with guiding principles for our behavior. Basically, any worldview that comes with a whole set of “do this, not that” rules can be considered a philosophy. This is the original meaning of the term, and if we consider it as such, it can be profoundly useful in helping us live better.
Of course, some philosophies have been around longer than others. There’s Stoicism, practiced by ancient Greeks and Romans. There’s Taoism, which goes back to ancient China. There are also more recent philosophies, like nihilism, existentialism, and rationalism. As a beginner, the important part is not knowing what lies behind all of these terms. It is picking up some philosophy books, sampling a few life perspectives, and finding one that works for you. That’s where you should start, and that’s where today’s list comes in!
We’ve summarized over 1,000 books here at Four Minute Books. Today, we’ll compile the best philosophy titles for you. Whether you’re a beginner or a philosophy expert, we’re sure you’ll find a book on here that’ll teach you something new. Find a strong set of guiding principles, discover where it came from, and adjust it to your own and modern life.
As usual, we’ve sorted our list into multiple sub-categories. First, we’ll cover the best philosophy books all around. Then, we’ll get into Western philosophy, Eastern philosophy, important philosophers, as well as books talking specifically about ethics and morality. Finally, we’ll show you some “philosophies of productivity” and other books that present a coherent worldview for our modern world.
Besides a picture of the cover of each title, you’ll find our favorite quote from the author, a one-sentence-summary of the book, and some suggestions on when and why to read the book. We’ve also included three key takeaways, as well as some buttons you can click to read the book’s free summary on Four Minute Books or buy a copy for yourself on Amazon (affiliate links).
Use the clickable table of contents below to quickly jump to any book or category, and start discovering the many wonderful, enlightening philosophies we can use to live a better life!
Here are the 35 best philosophy books!
Table of Contents [Hide]
- Best Philosophy Books Overall
- 1. Meditations by Marcus Aurelius
- 2. Man’s Search for Meaning by Viktor Frankl
- 3. The Daily Stoic by Ryan Holiday
- 4. The Story of Philosophy by Will Durant
- 5. The Republic by Plato
- 6. Discourses by Epictetus
- 7. The Last Lecture by Randy Pausch
- Best Philosophy Books About Stoicism and Western Philosophy
- 8. Letters from a Stoic by Seneca
- 9. Meditations on First Philosophy by René Descartes
- 10. On the Shortness of Life by Seneca
- 11. A Guide to the Good Life by William B. Irvine
- 12. How to Be a Stoic by Massimo Pigliucci
- 13. How to Think Like a Roman Emperor by Donald Robertson
- 14. The Obstacle Is the Way by Ryan Holiday
- Best Philosophy Books About Eastern Philosophy
- 15. The Bhagavad Gita by Vyasa
- 16. The Art of War by Sun Tzu
- 17. The Tao Te Ching by Lao Tzu
- 18. The Book of Joy by Dalai Lama & Desmond Tutu
- Best Books About Important Philosophers
- 19. Lives of the Stoics by Ryan Holiday
- 20. Plato at the Googleplex by Rebecca Goldstein
- 21. Breakfast With Socrates by Robert Rowland Smith
- Best Philosophy Books About Ethics & Morality
- 22. The Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle
- 23. The Prince by Niccolò Machiavelli
- 24. The Ethics of Ambiguity by Simone de Beauvoir
- 25. The Better Angels of Our Nature by Steven Pinker
- Best Philosophy Books for Productivity
- 26. Essentialism by Greg McKeown
- 27. Deep Work by Cal Newport
- 28. The Power of Full Engagement by Jim Loehr & Tony Schwartz
- Best Philosophy Books for Modern Life
- 29. Principles by Ray Dalio
- 30. 12 Rules for Life by Jordan Peterson
- 31. Minimalism by Joshua Fields Millburn & Ryan Nicodemus
- 32. Digital Minimalism by Cal Newport
- 33. Kaizen by Sarah Harvey
- 34. The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck by Mark Manson
- 35. The Power of Now by Eckhart Tolle
- Conclusion
- Other Book Lists by Topic
- Other Book Lists by Author